Iraq
Iraq borders Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest, and Syria to the west. Iraq has a narrow section of coastline measuring 58 km on the northern Persian Gulf. Two major rivers, the Tigris and Euphrates, run through the center of Iraq, lowing from northwest to southeast. These provide Iraq with
agriculturally capable land and contrast with the steppe and desert landscape that covers
most of Western Asia. Two major rivers, the Tigris and Euphrates, run through the
center of Iraq, flowing from northwest to southeast. These provide Iraq with agriculturally capable land and contrast with the steppe and desert landscape that covers most of Western Asia.
Iraq borders Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest, and Syria to the west. Iraq has a narrow section of coastline measuring 58 km on the northern Persian Gulf. Two major rivers, the Tigris and Euphrates, run through the center of Iraq, lowing from northwest to southeast. These provide Iraq with
agriculturally capable land and contrast with the steppe and desert landscape that covers
most of Western Asia. Two major rivers, the Tigris and Euphrates, run through the
center of Iraq, flowing from northwest to southeast. These provide Iraq with agriculturally capable land and contrast with the steppe and desert landscape that covers most of Western Asia.
Capital city:Baghdad
Official Languages:Arabic and Kurdish
Demonym:Iraqi
Government:Federal parliamentary constitutional republic
Legislature:Council of Representatives
Independence from the United Kingdom:
Total=437,072 km2
Water=1.1
Population:
2014 estimate=36,004,552
Density=82.7 km2
Currency:Iraqi dinar
Time Zone:Arabia Standard Time (UTC+3)
Official Languages:Arabic and Kurdish
Demonym:Iraqi
Government:Federal parliamentary constitutional republic
Legislature:Council of Representatives
Independence from the United Kingdom:
- Kingdom - 3 October 1932
- Republic declared - 14 July 1958
- Current constitution - 15 October 2005
Total=437,072 km2
Water=1.1
Population:
2014 estimate=36,004,552
Density=82.7 km2
Currency:Iraqi dinar
Time Zone:Arabia Standard Time (UTC+3)
Flag
The flag of Iraq includes the three equal horizontal red, white, and black stripes of the Arab Liberation Flag. This basic tricolor has been in use since 1963, with several changes to the green symbols in the central white stripe the most recent version bears the Takbir rendered in green.
The flag of Iraq includes the three equal horizontal red, white, and black stripes of the Arab Liberation Flag. This basic tricolor has been in use since 1963, with several changes to the green symbols in the central white stripe the most recent version bears the Takbir rendered in green.
1921–1959
The first flag of modern Iraq was the Kingdom of Iraq, and was adopted in 1921. It was a black-white-green horizontal flag, with a red trapezoid (some variants have a triangle) extending from the mast side, inspired by the Flag of the Arab Revolt. Two seven-point white stars on the triangle denoted the two principal peoples of the kingdom: the Arabs, and the Kurds. The design also reflected the newly installed Hashemite Dynasty in Iraq (originally from Hejaz
in the Arabian Peninsula), who had played a leading role in the Arab Revolt.
The first flag of modern Iraq was the Kingdom of Iraq, and was adopted in 1921. It was a black-white-green horizontal flag, with a red trapezoid (some variants have a triangle) extending from the mast side, inspired by the Flag of the Arab Revolt. Two seven-point white stars on the triangle denoted the two principal peoples of the kingdom: the Arabs, and the Kurds. The design also reflected the newly installed Hashemite Dynasty in Iraq (originally from Hejaz
in the Arabian Peninsula), who had played a leading role in the Arab Revolt.
Coat Of Arms
The coat of arms or state emblem of Iraq is a golden black eagle looking towards the viewer's left Dexter. The eagle is the Eagle of Saladin associated with 20th-century pan-Arabism, bearing a shield of the Iraqi flag, and holding a scroll below with the Arabic words
History
The first post-monarchical state emblem of Iraq (adopted under the republican government of Abd al-Karim Qasim) was based on the ancient sun-disk symbol of Shamash, and avoided pan-Arab symbolism. At the time of the Iraqi
Revolution of 1958, Qassim had demonstrated strong pan-Arab and Arab nationalist views, however, these cooled somewhat during his presidency. The overthrow of Qasim's government by the Ba'ath Party in 1963 marked an increase in pan-Arab sympathies, a change which was demonstrated in the new national flag based on that of the United Arab Republic (UAR).
The coat of arms or state emblem of Iraq is a golden black eagle looking towards the viewer's left Dexter. The eagle is the Eagle of Saladin associated with 20th-century pan-Arabism, bearing a shield of the Iraqi flag, and holding a scroll below with the Arabic words
History
The first post-monarchical state emblem of Iraq (adopted under the republican government of Abd al-Karim Qasim) was based on the ancient sun-disk symbol of Shamash, and avoided pan-Arab symbolism. At the time of the Iraqi
Revolution of 1958, Qassim had demonstrated strong pan-Arab and Arab nationalist views, however, these cooled somewhat during his presidency. The overthrow of Qasim's government by the Ba'ath Party in 1963 marked an increase in pan-Arab sympathies, a change which was demonstrated in the new national flag based on that of the United Arab Republic (UAR).